Citing Your Sources
Lesson 6

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red bulletWhen to Cite Your Sources
red bulletTaking Notes Electronically

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Taking Notes In An Electronic Age

McKenzie, Jamie. "Seven Antidotes to Prevent Highway Robbery in an Electronic Age."
FNO From Now On: The Educational Technology Journal.
7 (1998): 22 July, 2002 <
http://questioning.org/Q4/cov98may.html>.

McKenize writes:

"Information in electronic forms is easy to store and organize for later review. . . As much as possible, we want our students to know how to take notes on their findings electronically . . .and to be able to search their findings months later with some efficiency and power. At the same time, they are citing the source of their information and ideas."

McKenzie has developed a convenient database system to help students take notes from online sources. The same concepts and techniques can be adapted to taking notes on index cards or even taking notes in a spiral notebook.

By taking electronic notes in a database system, your information is more easily retrieved than if it were buried in piles of printed pages.

Electronic "note cards" are set up with basic sections or fields.

Here is McKenzie's example of an electronic note card:

Source: May, 1998, From Now On, Jamie McKenzie, "The New Plagiarism: Seven Antidotes to Prevent Highway Robbery in an Electronic
Age." http://fno.org/may98/cov98may.html

Subject: research, plagiarism, strategies

Keywords: incentives, rewards

Abstract: McKenzie suggests the use of green ink to help student differentiate between the ideas they have collected and the new ideas
they have built in reaction to those inspirations (this is a paraphrase of McKenzie's words and should be credited to him).

Reminds me a bit of art with "found objects." Here we have "found ideas" and "fresh ideas." I like students having to keep them separate. I could then look over their shoulders while they did research to see what kinds of balance might emerge. It might change how I did assessment?

Here is the basic structure of the electronic note card record

Source: Author, Title, Date, Volume, Issue #, URL

Subject: Consists of main ideas and can assist in organizing your findings

Keywords: Offer a greater level of detail and subcategories within your subject words. Keywords can also be very useful in constructing online searches.

Abstract: This is where you save pertinent information.

Use different color fonts to differentiate between

  • ideas collected from others and
  • original ideas that have emerged in reaction to others

Red ink for others' ideas
Green ink for your own


Setting up your research notes as an electronic database will streamline the process of organizing, writing, and documenting the sources used in your research.

The next sections discuss the various ways you may be asked to format your work.

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